Optic neuritis occurs when the optic nerve, the pathway that transmits visual information to the brain, becomes inflamed and the myelin sheath that surrounds the nerve is destroyed (a process known as demyelination). Optic neuritis also known retrobulbar neuritis. It is the inflammation of the optic nerve which can lead to total or partial loss of vision. Optic neuritis may be the first episode of a patient who will subsequently develop multiple sclerosis. Optic neuritis usually develops as a result of an auto-immune disorder which can be triggered by a viral infection. The patient may notice blurred or distorted vision, the reduction of colour vision, or a blind spot. The signs and symptoms of optic neuritis may be indications of an autoimmune disorder called multiple sclerosis. There is also often a story of pain with the movement of the eyes, which may precede visual loss. Most patients with optic neuritis experience a sudden onset of decreased vision along with pain and soreness when moving the eye. Optic neuritis usually affects only one eye and may be a recurring problem with certain diseases such as MS.
Symptoms
Major symptoms are sudden loss of vision (partial or complete), or sudden blurred or “foggy” vision, and pain on movement of the affected eye. Many patients with optic neuritis may lose some of their color vision in the affected eye, with colors appearing subtly washed out compared to the other eye. A study found that 92.2% of patients experienced pain, which actually preceded the visual loss in 39.5% of cases.
Diagnosis
An ophthalmologist, a physician trained in diseases of the eye, will typically make a diagnosis of optic neuritis. A complete visual exam, including a visual acuity test, color vision test, and examination of the retina and optic disc with an ophthalmoscope, will be performed.
Treatment
Visual acuity often returns to normal within 2 - 3 weeks with no treatment.
Corticosteroids given by an IV may speed up recovery but can cause body-wide side effects.
Optic neuritis in demyelinating disease has a favorable prognosis without treatment for an individual attack, but over a period of years significant visual loss is the rule since permanent alteration results from recurrent attacks.
Prevention
Regular annual eye exams are critical to maintaining healthy vision. Early treatment of vision problems can prevent permanent optic nerve alteration (atrophy).
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Necrotizing fasciitis is a rare bacterial infection that can destroy skin and the soft tissues beneath it, including fat and the tissue covering the muscles (fascia). The syndrome may be caused by a variety of agencies, and often is actually a combination of several infection germs attack at a time. Many types of bacteria can cause necrotizing (eg Group A Streptococcus, Vibrio vulnificus, Clostridium perfringens, Bacteroides fragilis), whose Group A streptococcal (also known as Streptococcus pyogenes) is the most common cause.
Necrotizing fasciitis is caused by several kinds of bacteria. The most common cause is infection by a group A streptococcal (GAS) bacterium, most often Streptococcus pyogenes, which also causes other infections such as strep throat and impetigo. Usually the infections caused by these bacteria are mild. But in rare cases the bacteria produce poisons (toxins) that can alteration the soft tissue below the skin and cause a more chanceful infection that can spread quickly along the tissue covering the muscle (fascia).
Symptoms
The infection begins locally, at a site of trauma, which may be severe (such as the result of surgery), minor, or even non-apparent. The affected skin is classically, at first, very painful without any grossly visible change. With progression of the disease, tissue becomes swollen, often within hours. Diarrhea and vomiting are common symptoms as well. Inflammation does not show signs right away if the bacteria is deep within the tissue. If it is not deep, signs of inflammation such as redness and swollen or hot skin show very quickly. Skin color may progress to violet and blisters may form, with subsequent necrosis (death) of the subcutaneous tissues.
Treatment
Treatment of necrotizing fasciitis is most effective if the infection is recognized in time. Antibiotics and surgical removal of dead tissue are required. If the tissue destruction is widespread, extensive surgery or amputation might be the only way to prevent death.
While primeval diagnosis and treatment are the key to preventing devastating tissue destruction, physicians and patients often change to recognize necrotizing fasciitis and its severity.
To help prevent any kind of infection, wash your hands often, and always keep cuts, scrapes, burns, sores, and bites clean.
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The mind of such a mortal stops running about, and becomes steady and still very easily. The process of steadying the mind is called abhyasa in yoga terminology. It is prefabricated of three stages respectively called dharana, dhyana, and samadhi. Dharana is a state of mental concentration in which the mind, which has stopped running after the objects of enjoyment (due to vairagya) gets associated with a restricted area of operation, which may be an idol or a picture. or any symbol like a cross, or dot, and so on. This is a state of absorption of the mind in an engrossing topic. All thoughts are here concerned about a single topic. For example, one may fix the mind on some areas in the body, such as any one of the six chakras, the tip of the tongue or nose, the midpoint between the eyebrows, the heart, and so on, or on, an captivating idol of Lord Shiva, Lord Vishnu, or a picture of the rising sun. No thought other than those that are in some way or the other related to the goal of concentration, is allow to arise in the mind. This is not an cushy thing to do because of the usage of mind to move continuously from one thought to another. But an individual from whose mind vasana or trishna has completel retired, can easily apply his mind to any limited topic (desha), just as a trained horse can be prefabricated to follow any specified path, by carefully controlling his actions.
As an individual proceeds deeper in the process of concentration, the mind becomes steadier, and, out of the limited set of thoughts concerning the same topic only one single thought starts arising in the mind time and again. This is the state of dhyana in which the mind becomes very stable like the flame of a lamp in a very calm atmosphere, and its contact with the goal of experience becomes intense and complete. There are two varieties of dhyana as explained in the Shandilyopanishad, namely, sagwwdhyana and nirgunadhyana. The former involves stillness of the mind associated with an goal of experience that can be grasped through the sense organs, e.g. it may either be seen with eyes, or touched with the hands or at least it can be thought of as having certain qualities. The latter variety implies complete absorption of the mind into itself. This is a state in which the mind is not associating with any object, external or internal, or perceptible through the senses. The mind becomes completely still in this state. It is supposed that such a still and silent mind becomes so sensitive as to be healthy to understand any event, past, present or future, that might have happened anywhere in the universe. We may quote, for example, an incident mentioned by Kalidasa in his Raghuvamsha. King Dilipa, as the story goes, was not having a child. He went to his guru Vasishtha for a remedy, and told him the reason of his sadness. The rise, on this, stood till for a few moments and came to know, through concentration of the mind, why king Dilioa was not getting a son.
Whether such a thing is doable through dhyana, is a question on which opinions may differ. Science, it may be said, has not yet succeeded in gathering sufficient information which may confirm this belief. But we may still come crossways many people in India who would defend such possibilities heart and soul.
Let us now see how dhyana is turned into what is called samadhi. This is a state that can be achieved only by a mind which is purified like a gem or crystal. When all the impurities of the mind are completely washed away through dhyana, the mind shows a capacity to grasp any goal very clearly and vividly.
When a crystal (which is colourless in itself) is placed adjacent to a flower, it shows in itself the colour of that flower very completely, so much so that one feels as if that is its own colour. Similarly, a mind that is purified by dhyana, when cast on any goal of thought, can establish such an intimate contact with the goal that it becomes completely identified or one with it. This is known as tadatmya of the mind with the object. It indicates complete stillness and steadiness which is accompanied by silencing of the breath. In that state, the consciousness of one’s own existence vanishes. This is called “sabija samadhi”, because it always involves some goal of experience or some thought on which the mind is concentrated.
Nirbija samadhi (also called “sahajavastha”) is a state very different from this. It is lot a state of concentration but the state of liberation in bodily existence (jivan mukti).
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A stepper organisation is a good gadget for whole body exercising. That is for cardiovascular workout. But the condition is that the exercise should be done correctly else the results are negative. The main point in consideration is that one should always maintain a straight upright posture while using a stepper. The technique behind a stepper is like climbing a real stair case. Due to the escalators installed in all the buildings and due to shortage of time one rarely climbs a stair case. So to maintain our body one should always use a stepper. The steps on the gadget should always be as large as doable comfortably. One should never over stress the body but should always try to increase the height of the steps. A stepper organisation increases our stamina to climb a stair case by strengthening our leg muscles and the cardiovascular capacity. A stepping organisation works best on the upper part of the legs that is on hips and thighs. But maintaining a proper posture is must. One should always keep his feet straight on the pedals. The main components of a stepper are a base metal frame, a vertical small tube and a vertical rod. The vertical small tube has two axles perpendicular to it. The two plates are connected to these axles respectively.
This arrangement works when subjected to weight on the horizontal plates alternatively. Also a stepping organisation uses hydraulic cylinders. One should always keep in mind the angle at which the stepping organisation works. The angle plays an important role for the comfortable exercising. If the angle is wrong we have to place in more effort and results will be less. The stepper organisation is a good calorie burner thus helping us to reduce weight in case one has problem with the knees then he can always change positions at regular intervals of time to reduce the over stressing of a particular muscle. One should try travel on a stepper in a rhythm and should decide what amount of time he can spend steeping comfortably. After that particular time the pattern and the position can be changed but keeping in mind that the upright posture should be maintained. A stepping organisation comes under the category of aerobic workout. This instrument is like a warm up machine. Warm up is really essential while exercising. A good warm up gets the body going and gets the heart and lung working faster. Warm up make the muscle toning exercise more effective. As the body temperature raises slightly, the blood supply to the muscles increases and the rate and force of muscle contractions also increases. One gets more out of the effort we place into our workout. Thus working out on the stepping organisation enhances the metabolism.
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Bekie Cohner is a health and wellness professional with 16 years experience helping people make the right decisions for everything from Exercise Equipment to nutritional supplements.
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These days there is no doubt that a flat stomach is desirable to all but its not necessarily cushy to achieve. Unless we make a special effort we cannot achieve this. Most of us simply don’t get the kind of exercise needed to maintain a fit, trim body. Even if we keep our weight down and participate in some sports our stomach still bulges out and sags because the abdominal muscles themselves are not toned up. The four layers of muscle that sheath abdomen are relatively thin yet they have several important functions. They protect, support and contain hollow organs of the abdominal cavity and thus help to keep the pelvis in proper alignment there by helping us maintain upright posture. When these muscles are not toned, the abdomen sags forward and the back of the pelvis may begin to tilt upwards. This causes the lower vertebra to rotate forward, resulting in a sway back. Because the vertebras are out of alignment they press against one another leading to lower back pain. Its a triple curse- bulging belly, bad posture and back pain. Luckily these muscles usually respond to exercise. Various types of exercising equipments are acquirable in the market these days.
One can decide the type of exercise or work out and then buy the required equipments. While buying the exercising gadgets a mortal should never go by the claims of companies. Like some companies say that mortal while exercising will not sweat, using their products. If the mortal while exercising does not sweat then what is the use of exercise, that is we burn our calories when we sweat. Also one should always understand the cost schemes and compare the products of the different companies. All the machines guarantee that exercising with it will remove fats from a particular area of the body. We should always buy an exerciser for a part where we need to reduce the fats. Some of the acquirable gadgets are treadmill, elliptical training machines, step machine, stationary bike, weight machines and bow flex etc. A treadmill is the first equipment we think of when we plan to work out. It is preferred by those people who want to loose weight has reduce the cardio problems. A treadmill should always have a good warranty period, wide belt to jog upon and last but not the least a good motor. Also a good inclination capability is desired for a treadmill. The elliptical training organisation is also a good option for keeping at our home. These machines help us to loose weight and improve the cardio rate. Also with the elliptical training machines we can have a full control over our workout routines. The weight machines are desirable for them who want to build muscles.
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Bekie Cohner is a health and wellness professional with 16 years experience helping people make the right decisions for everything from Exercise Equipment to nutritional supplements.
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If a mortal has a desire to get back in shape then the improvement of workout routines is required. In early times most easily acquirable exerciser was a skipping rope. But these days market is flooded with the fitness equipments. There are two main broad categories in which the fitness equipments can be categorized on basis of the type of exercise they provide. One should be familiar with their types and their usage. They are videlicet cardio and strength training. Both of these types of fitness equipments are required for good and healthy body. Cardio vascular as the study suggests is helpful in enhancing the health of heart. This is done by burning fats. Thus the heart rate is increased. Cardio vascular exercise equipments have a screen on which heart rate is displayed and thus wage the artefact of modifying the workout techniques. Also the information like total energy consumed by the body in calories and measure of the distance traveled etc are displayed on panel of the machines.
Thus in this way an efficient check can be kept on workouts. The second categories of fitness equipments include strength training equipments. Weight machines, free weights etc are included under the strength training equipments category. As the cardio exercise equipments help in enhancing the heart rates, strength training equipments help in building the muscular strength. These machines are often used by power lifters and body builders to give shape to their muscles. These equipments help in maintaining the outcomes of the cardio exercises. There are various types of free weights. Their variation is according to their shape, size and weight. The weights which are round in shape are used in combination with the barbells. The barbells can be small or large. Free weights stretch muscles of whole body and are preferred instead of weight machines by some people. Benefit of the weight machines is that they are more secure and help in lifting more weights than free weights. It is secure as the weight organisation ensures the right posture to be used for while lifting of the weights. The weight machines have a heap of weights which can be incremented or decremented according to need and capacity of weight lifter. These weights are attached to a winch. The chins up bars are used for the biceps and the triceps muscle building while a crunch organisation is used for abdominal area fitness. In these equipments body weight is used for providing resistance as weights are not used. Other type of exercise equipments which start under the category of strength training are resistance and equilibrise exercise equipments. They are used alone or with the weights. The resistance equipments include elastic bands and are used without weights.
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Balanced diet and proper hydration is very important for all the human beings, but with people doing heavy physical workout its need is more crucial. Right amount of fluid intake during the exercise session is necessary as it helps in performance and country of the players. Regular fluid intake must be there for prolonged exercise period. Blood volume and heart working is also effected is body looses adequate water level. And if more than necessary water intake is done we can suffer from abdominal problems. So correct amount and right fluid intake is requisite for refuge against diseases. Athletes are advised to have a low fat and high carbohydrate diet and ample amount of water while training. The liquid must be without sugar and other soluble oils. These drinks should have a lesser temperature than room and must be taken frequently. Players prefer to choose the fluids giving them high calories for consistent performance. If the exercise session is three to four hours long and in the sun then the fluid used must have electrolytes because it conducts electricity and it helps is normal body working.
The players avoiding electrolytes are prone to over hydration. Teenagers consuming one or two colas regular are corpulent and have more health complications like high blood pressure and gastric problems. Excessive diet sodas and sweet sodas consumption lead to heart problems. It must be avoided by athletes and fat people. Best suitable drink to shed extra fats is green tea, as drinking it on regular basis the body produces extra heat and calories are burned. Proper care is needed to prepare green tea as by adding hot water will spoil its taste. Now days many alcoholic drinks containing calories and carbohydrates are in market. They contain calories in them but before consumption the ingredients chart must be read. People usually take wine as it is good for health, taking thirty to forty ml of wine before dinner is good for heart working and digestion of food. Doctors also prescribe people above forty to have a small quantity of wine on regular basis. This helps to keep the metabolism effective. The alcohol contains about seven calories per gram which make it very fatty liquid or we can say if we need to loose excessive fat alcohol is not a good option. Like alcohol, beer also place on the weight. As the water content in the beer is more so the body can grappling abdominal complications. Another most important thing to be taken care is the snacks that are taken while consumption of alcohol. If we intake cheese or other high fatty products we will surely acquire weight. The essence is that the different people have effects of diet and the diet drinks so great deal of care must be taken while choosing the things.
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Bekie Cohner is a health and wellness professional with 16 years experience helping people make the right decisions for everything from Exercise Equipment to nutritional supplements.
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Human nutrition is the study of how food affects the health and survival of the human body. Without food our bodies can not stay warm, build or repair tissues and maintain our heart beat. Eating the balanced food can help us refrain diseases. Above stated and other important functions of body are fueled by chemical substances in our food called nutrients. These nutrients are classified as water, carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals.
Water helps the absorption of the food materials through the digestive tract. Importance of water can be judged that a mortal can survive only eight to ten days without water. Water also maintains a natural equilibrise between dissolved salts and water, which are present inside and outside of cells. While water has no calorific value, without it we can not absorb the food we take and eliminate waste through body’s digestive system. Carbohydrates are the human body’s key source of energy, providing four calories of energy per gram. When carbohydrates are broken down by the body the sugar glucose is produced. Glucose is critical to help maintain tissue protein, metabolize fat, and fuel the central nervous system.
Proteins help to build and repair body tissues from hairs to fingernails. In addition to this proteins speed up chemical reactions in the body, serve as chemical messengers, fight infection and transport oxygen from lungs to the body tissue. Although proteins produce four calories of energy per gram the body uses proteins for energy only if carbohydrates and fat intake is insufficient. When trapped as an energy source accelerator is diverted, from the many critical functions it performs for our bodies. Fats wage nine calories of energy per gram. They are most concentrated of the energy producing nutrients, so our bodies need only very small quantities. Fats play an important role in building the membranes that surround our cells and in helping blood to clot. Once digested and absorbed fats help the body absorb certain vitamins.
Fats stored in the body cushion vital organs and protect us from extreme cold and heat. Vitamins and minerals are needed by the body in very small amount to trigger the chemical reactions necessary to maintain good health. Thus we can make out the need of all the nutrients for maintaining good health. Lack of any of the nutrients gives rise to many problems.
Thus we should always take a balanced diet. But nowadays our intake habits are getting worse. Most of all food includes saturated fats rather than simple nutrients. Thus the correct intake on the nutrients is maintained by use of regular supplements. If the accelerator count in our body is less then the doctor advises us to take accelerator powders. The accelerator powders are a treasury of proteins. In the same way we can take multi vitamin or multi mineral tablets in case of a deficiency in the body.
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Bekie Cohner is a health and wellness professional with 16 years experience helping people make the right decisions for everything from Exercise Equipment to nutritional supplements.
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